The Results of Covenant Reaffirmation
30 “When you have experienced all these things, both the blessings and the curses[a] I have set before you, you will reflect upon them[b] in all the nations where the Lord your God has banished you. 2 Then if you and your descendants[c] turn to the Lord your God and obey him with your whole mind and being[d] just as[e] I am commanding you today, 3 the Lord your God will reverse your captivity and have pity on you. He will turn and gather you from all the peoples among whom he[f] has scattered you. 4 Even if your exiles are in the most distant land,[g] from there the Lord your God will gather you and bring you back. 5 Then he[h] will bring you to the land your ancestors[i] possessed and you also will possess it; he will do better for you and multiply you more than he did your ancestors. 6 The Lord your God will also cleanse[j] your heart, and the hearts of your descendants[k] so that you may love him[l] with all your mind and being and so that you may live. 7 Then the Lord your God will put all these curses on your enemies, on those who hate you and persecute you. 8 You will return and obey the Lord, keeping all his commandments I am giving[m] you today. 9 The Lord your God will make the labor of your hands[n] abundantly successful and multiply your children,[o] the offspring of your cattle, and the produce of your soil. For the Lord will once more[p] rejoice over you to make you prosperous[q] just as he rejoiced over your ancestors, 10 if you obey the Lord your God and keep his commandments and statutes that are written in this scroll of the law. But you must turn to him[r] with your whole mind and being.
Exhortation to Covenant Obedience
11 “This commandment I am giving[s] you today is not too difficult for you, nor is it too remote. 12 It is not in heaven, as though one must say, ‘Who will go up to heaven to get it for us and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?’ 13 And it is not across the sea, as though one must say, ‘Who will cross over to the other side of the sea and get it for us and proclaim it to us so we may obey it?’ 14 For the thing is very near you—it is in your mouth and in your mind[t] so that you can do it.
15 “Look! I have set before you today life and prosperity on the one hand, and death and disaster on the other. 16 What[u] I am commanding you today is to love the Lord your God, to walk in his ways, and to obey his commandments, his statutes, and his ordinances. Then you will live and become numerous and the Lord your God will bless you in the land that you are about to possess.[v] 17 However, if you[w] turn aside and do not obey, but are lured away to worship and serve other gods, 18 I declare to you this very day that you[x] will certainly[y] perish! You will not extend your time in the land you are crossing the Jordan to possess.[z] 19 Today I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you that I have set life and death, blessing and curse, before you. Therefore choose life so that you and your descendants may live! 20 I also call on you[aa] to love the Lord your God, to obey him and be loyal to him, for he gives you life and enables you to live continually[ab] in the land the Lord promised to give to your ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.”
Footnotes
- Deuteronomy 30:1 tn Heb “the blessing and the curse.”
- Deuteronomy 30:1 tn Heb “and you bring (them) back to your heart.”
- Deuteronomy 30:2 tn Heb “sons” (so NASB); KJV, ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “children.”
- Deuteronomy 30:2 tn Or “heart and soul” (also in vv. 6, 10).
- Deuteronomy 30:2 tn Heb “according to all.”
- Deuteronomy 30:3 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
- Deuteronomy 30:4 tn Heb “are at the farthest edge of the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.
- Deuteronomy 30:5 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on the second occurrence of the word “he” in v. 3.
- Deuteronomy 30:5 tn Heb “fathers” (also later in this verse and in vv. 9, 20).
- Deuteronomy 30:6 tn Heb “circumcise” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV); TEV “will give you and your descendents obedient hearts.” See note on the word “cleanse” in Deut 10:16.
- Deuteronomy 30:6 tn Heb “seed” (so KJV, ASV).
- Deuteronomy 30:6 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on the second occurrence of the word “he” in v. 3.
- Deuteronomy 30:8 tn Heb “commanding”; NAB “which I now enjoin on you.”
- Deuteronomy 30:9 tc The MT reads “hand” (singular). Most versions read the plural.
- Deuteronomy 30:9 tn Heb “the fruit of your womb” (so NAB, NIV); NRSV “of your body.”
- Deuteronomy 30:9 tn Heb “return and.” The Hebrew verb is used idiomatically here to indicate the repetition of the following action.
- Deuteronomy 30:9 tn The Hebrew text includes “for good.”
- Deuteronomy 30:10 tn Heb “to the Lord your God.” See note on the second occurrence of the word “he” in v. 3.
- Deuteronomy 30:11 tn Heb “commanding”; NAB “which I enjoin on you.”
- Deuteronomy 30:14 tn Heb “heart.”
- Deuteronomy 30:16 tc A number of LXX mss insert before this verse, “if you obey the commandments of the Lord your God,” thus translating אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) as “which” and the rest as “I am commanding you today, to love,” etc., “then you will live,” etc.
- Deuteronomy 30:16 tn Heb “which you are going there to possess it.” This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.
- Deuteronomy 30:17 tn Heb “your heart,” as a metonymy for the person.
- Deuteronomy 30:18 sn To this point in the chapter, Moses has addressed the people with the singular pronoun “you,” but here he switches to the plural. Rhetorically, the singular pronoun has emphasized the responsibilities and consequences for the nation as a whole. It is a group responsibility that requires a group effort. At v. 18 he shifts to using the plural form. This individualizes the threatened punishment in v. 18 and highlights individual responsibility in the first half of v. 19 (calling heaven and earth as witness “against you”) before returning to the collective responsibility that “you” (singular) choose life.
- Deuteronomy 30:18 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “certainly.”
- Deuteronomy 30:18 tn Heb “to go there to possess it.”
- Deuteronomy 30:20 tn The words “I also call on you” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. In the Hebrew text vv. 19-20 are one long sentence, which the translation divides into two.
- Deuteronomy 30:20 tn Heb “he is your life and the length of your days to live.”