1 Kings 20 - Christian Standard Bible (CSB)

Victory over Ben-hadad

20 Now King Ben-hadad^(A) of Aram assembled his entire army. Thirty-two kings,^(B) along with horses and chariots, were with him. He marched up, besieged Samaria,^(C) and fought against it. ² He sent messengers into the city to King Ahab of Israel and said to him, “This is what Ben-hadad says: ³ ‘Your silver and your gold are mine! And your best wives and children are mine as well!’” ^(D)

⁴ Then the king of Israel answered, “Just as you say, my lord the king: I am yours, along with all that I have.”

⁵ The messengers then returned and said, “This is what Ben-hadad says: ‘I have sent messengers to you, saying, “You are to give me your silver, your gold, your wives, and your children.” ⁶ But at this time tomorrow I will send my servants to you,^[a](E) and they will search your palace and your servants’ houses. They will lay their hands on and take away whatever is precious to you.’”

⁷ Then the king of Israel called for all the elders of the land and said, “Recognize^[b] that this one is only looking for trouble,^(F) for he demanded my wives, my children, my silver, and my gold, and I didn’t turn him down.”

⁸ All the elders and all the people said to him, “Don’t listen or agree.”

⁹ So he said to Ben-hadad’s messengers, “Say to my lord the king, ‘Everything you demanded of your servant the first time, I will do, but this thing I cannot do.’” So the messengers left and took word back to him.

¹⁰ Then Ben-hadad sent messengers to him and said, “May the gods punish me and do so severely^(G) if Samaria’s dust^(H) amounts to a handful for each of the people who follow me.”

¹¹ The king of Israel answered, “Say this: ‘Don’t let the one who puts on his armor boast^(I) like the one who takes it off.’”

¹² When Ben-hadad heard this response, while he and the kings were drinking^(J) in their quarters,^[c] he said to his servants, “Take your positions.” So they took their positions against the city.

¹³ A prophet approached King Ahab of Israel and said, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Do you see this whole huge army? Watch, I am handing it over to you today so that you may know that I am the Lord.’”^(K)

¹⁴ Ahab asked, “By whom?”

And the prophet said, “This is what the Lord says: ‘By the young men of the provincial leaders.’”

Then he asked, “Who is to start the battle?” ^(L)

He said, “You.”

¹⁵ So Ahab mobilized the young men of the provincial leaders, and there were 232. After them he mobilized all the Israelite troops: 7,000.^{(M) 16} They marched out at noon while Ben-hadad and the thirty-two kings^(N) who were helping him were getting drunk in their quarters. ¹⁷ The young men of the provincial leaders marched out first. Then Ben-hadad sent out scouts, and they reported to him, saying, “Men are marching out of Samaria.”^(O)

¹⁸ So he said, “If they have marched out in peace,^(P) take them alive, and if they have marched out for battle, take them alive.”

¹⁹ The young men of the provincial leaders and the army behind them marched out from the city, ²⁰ and each one struck down his opponent.^(Q) So the Arameans fled and Israel pursued them,^(R) but King Ben-hadad of Aram escaped on a horse with the cavalry. ²¹ Then the king of Israel marched out and attacked the cavalry and the chariots. He inflicted a severe slaughter on Aram.

²² The prophet approached the king of Israel and said to him, “Go and strengthen yourself, then consider carefully^[d] what you should do, for in the spring^(S) the king of Aram will attack you.”

²³ Now the king of Aram’s servants said to him, “Their gods are gods of the hill country.^(T) That’s why they were stronger than we were. Instead, we should fight with them on the plain; then we will certainly be stronger than they are. ²⁴ Also do this: remove each king from his position and appoint captains in their place. ²⁵ Raise another army for yourself like the army you lost—horse for horse, chariot for chariot—and let’s fight with them on the plain; and we will certainly be stronger than they are.” The king listened to them and did it.

²⁶ In the spring, Ben-hadad mobilized the Arameans and went up to Aphek^(U) to battle Israel. ²⁷ The Israelites mobilized, gathered supplies, and went to fight them. The Israelites camped in front of them like two little flocks of goats, while the Arameans filled the landscape.^(V)

²⁸ Then the man of God^(W) approached and said to the king of Israel, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Because the Arameans have said, “The Lord is a god of the mountains and not a god of the valleys,”^(X) I will hand over all this whole huge army to you. Then you will know that I am the Lord.’”^(Y)

²⁹ They camped opposite each other for seven days. On the seventh day,^(Z) the battle took place, and the Israelites struck down the Arameans—one hundred thousand foot soldiers in one day. ³⁰ The ones who remained fled into the city of Aphek, and the wall fell on those twenty-seven thousand remaining men.

Ben-hadad also fled and went into an inner room^(AA) in the city. ³¹ His servants said to him, “Consider this: we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings. So let’s put sackcloth around our waists^(AB) and ropes around our heads, and let’s go out to the king of Israel. Perhaps he will spare your life.”

³² So they dressed with sackcloth around their waists and ropes around their heads, went to the king of Israel, and said, “Your servant Ben-hadad says, ‘Please spare my life.’”

So he said, “Is he still alive? He is my brother.”

³³ Now the men were looking for a sign of hope, so they quickly picked up on this^[e] and responded, “Yes, it is your brother Ben-hadad.”

Then he said, “Go and bring him.”

So Ben-hadad came out to him, and Ahab had him come up into the chariot. ³⁴ Then Ben-hadad said to him, “I restore to you the cities that my father took from your father,^(AC) and you may set up marketplaces for yourself in Damascus, like my father set up in Samaria.”^(AD)

Ahab responded, “On the basis of this treaty, I release you.” So he made a treaty with him and released him.

Ahab Rebuked by the Lord

³⁵ One of the sons of the prophets^(AE) said to his fellow prophet by the word of the Lord, “Strike me!” But the man refused to strike him.

³⁶ He told him, “Because you did not listen to the Lord, mark my words: When you leave me, a lion will kill you.”^(AF) When he left him, a lion attacked and killed him.

³⁷ The prophet found another man and said to him, “Strike me!” So the man struck him, inflicting a wound. ³⁸ Then the prophet went and waited for the king on the road. He disguised^(AG) himself with a bandage over his eyes. ³⁹ As the king was passing by, he cried out to the king and said, “Your servant marched out into the middle of the battle. Suddenly, a man turned aside and brought someone to me and said, ‘Guard this man! If he is ever missing, it will be your life in place of his life,^(AH) or you will weigh out seventy-five pounds^[f] of silver.’ ⁴⁰ But while your servant was busy here and there, he disappeared.”

The king of Israel said to him, “That will be your sentence; you yourself have decided it.”^(AI)

⁴¹ He quickly removed the bandage from his eyes. The king of Israel recognized that he was one of the prophets. ⁴² The prophet said to him, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Because you released from your hand the man I had set apart for destruction,^(AJ) it will be your life in place of his life and your people in place of his people.’” ⁴³ The king of Israel left for home resentful and angry,^(AK) and he entered Samaria.

Footnotes

1. 20:6 Lit take all the delight of your eyes
2. 20:7 Lit “Know and see
3. 20:12 Lit booths, also in v. 16
4. 20:22 Lit then know and see
5. 20:33 Some Hb mss, alt Hb tradition, LXX; other Hb mss read they hastened and caught hold; “Is this it?”
6. 20:39 Lit a talent

Cross references

1. 20:1 : 1Kg 15:18,20
2. 20:1 : 1Kg 22:31
3. 20:1 : 1Kg 16:24,29
4. 20:3 : 2Kg 24:14–16; Dn 1:3–4
5. 20:6 : Lm 2:4; Ezk 24:16,21,25
6. 20:7 : 2Kg 5:7
7. 20:10 : 1Kg 19:2; 2Kg 6:31
8. 20:10 : 2Sm 22:43
9. 20:11 : Pr 27:1
10. 20:12 : 1Kg 16:9
11. 20:13 : 1Kg 20:28
12. 20:14 : Jdg 1:1; 20:18
13. 20:15 : Jdg 7:2
14. 20:16 : 1Kg 20:1
15. 20:17 : 1Kg 16:24
16. 20:18 : 2Kg 14:8
17. 20:20 : 2Sm 2:15–16
18. 20:20 : 1Sm 14:13–14,22
19. 20:22 : 2Sm 11:1
20. 20:23 : 1Kg 14:23; Ps 139:7–12
21. 20:26 : 2Kg 13:17
22. 20:27 : Jdg 6:5; 1Sm 13:5
23. 20:28 : 1Kg 17:18
24. 20:28 : 1Kg 20:23
25. 20:28 : 1Kg 20:13
26. 20:29 : Jos 6:15
27. 20:30 : 1Kg 22:25
28. 20:31 : Gn 37:34
29. 20:34 : 1Kg 15:20
30. 20:34 : 2Sm 8:6
31. 20:35 : 2Kg 2:3,5,7
32. 20:36 : 1Kg 13:24
33. 20:38 : 1Kg 14:2
34. 20:39 : Jos 2:14; 2Kg 10:24
35. 20:40 : 2Sm 12:5
36. 20:42 : 1Kg 19:16
37. 20:43 : 1Kg 21:4