c. 1400 BCE
The beginning of Celtic culture in the upper Danube region of central Europe.
c. 1200 BCE - c. 450 BCE
Widest date range accepted by scholars for the Hallstatt culture in central Europe.
c. 900 BCE
Celtic Migration begins in Europe with many Celts landing in Scotland.
c. 800 BCE - c. 600 BCE
The Early Iron Age Hallstatt culture is at its peak in central Europe.
c. 700 BCE
600 BCE
c. 600 BCE
The Hirschlanden Warrior, a sandstone representation of a Celtic Warrior from Ludwigsburg, Germany, is made.
550 BCE - 500 BCE
The creation of the Hallstatt culture Horchdorf burial in southern Germany.
c. 500 BCE
The creation of the Hallstatt culture Vix burial in northeast France.
c. 475 BCE
Celts defeat the Etruscans at the Ticino River.
c. 450 BCE - c. 50 BCE
Period of the La Tène culture in northern/western/central Europe.
c. 450 BCE
The La Tène culture replaces the Hallstatt culture as the dominant regional culture in central Europe.
400 BCE
Celts enter Italy and settle in the Po Valley.
396 BCE
Celts defeat an Etruscan army at the battle of Melpum. Afterwards the Celts heavily settle all over the Po Valley.
391 BCE
Senones besiege Clusium, an Etruscan city.
c. 390 BCE
"Gallic Catastrophe:" Brennus of the Senones defeats the Romans at Allia, and subsequently sacks Rome.
380 BCE
Celtic groups, possibly from northern Italy and the eastern Alps, begin to raid Illyrian territories.
367 BCE
Celtic mercenaries fight with the Spartans against Thebes.
367 BCE
Livy mentions Celtic armies in Ancona and one such group moves against Rome once more.
335 BCE
Alexander the Great receives Celtic ambassadors in the Balkans.
334 BCE
Rome signs a peace treaty with the Senones tribe.
323 BCE
Alexander the Great receives Celtic delegations in Babylon.
297 BCE
Celts and Samnites join forces and defeat the Romans at Camertium.
c. 295 BCE
In a battle lasting all day, Romans narrowly defeat a force of Celts and Samnites at Sentinum.
285 BCE - 282 BCE
Rome defeats the Celts in Italy. Rome's dominance in central Italy is secured.
285 BCE
Roman forces heavily defeat the Senones at Lake Vadimo.
284 BCE
Gauls of the Insubres and Boii tribes defeat the Romans at Arretium.
283 BCE
Rome decisively defeats the Senones at Picenum.
283 BCE
Romans defeat the Etruscans and Celts at lake Vadimo.
282 BCE
A Celtic army with many youth among their ranks is again defeated by Romans.
280 BCE
Celts join with Pyrrhus, aiding in his victory over the Romans at Heraclea.
279 BCE
Celts invade Thrace and Anatolia.
279 BCE
Celts stay with Pyrrhus and fight in the Epirote army at Asculum, a victory over the Romans.
279 BCE
Gauls attack the sanctuary of Delphi.
277 BCE - 276 BCE
4,000 Celts are employed in Egypt under Ptolemy II.
275 BCE
Seleucids successfully defeat the Galatian Celts in the 'Elephant Battle'.
c. 263 BCE
Antaros and 3000 Celts fight with Carthage in the First Punic War.
261 BCE
Antiochus I Soter of the Seleucid Empire killed in battle against the Galatians at Ephesus in Asia Minor.
c. 260 BCE
Timaeos is the first to use the term 'Celtiberian' when refering to Celts living in Iberia.
259 BCE
Celts in Egypt fail to overthrow Ptolemy II and are starved to death on an island.
c. 237 BCE - 241 BCE
Attalus I of Pergamon defeats the Galatians at the headwaters of the Caioc River.
232 BCE
Attalos I defeats the Galatians a second time.
225 BCE
Two Roman armies surround and defeat a Celtic army at Telamon.
225 BCE
Celts defeat 6000 Romans at Faesulae and proceed to overrun Etruria.
223 BCE
Romans successfully campaign against Celtic tribes of Cisalpine Gaul.
222 BCE
The Celts are defeated at Clastidium by Roman forces.
218 BCE
The Aegosages Celts enter Anatolia under Attalos of Pergamon.
217 BCE
14,000 Celts serve under Ptolemy IV in his victory at Raphia over the Seleucid King Antiochus III.
c. 217 BCE - 218 BCE
30,000 Celtic infantry and 4,000 Celtic cavalry join Hannibal. Celts constitute just over 50% of his army in Italy.
217 BCE
Prusias of Bithynia in Asia Minor massacres the Aegosages including the women and children.
c. 215 BCE - c. 216 BCE
The Boii crush a Roman army 25,000 strong at Litana. Victory was, in part, achieved by pushing precariously cut trees down atop the horrified Romans as they marched.
212 BCE
The Celtic kingdom of Tylis in Thrace is overthrown by native Thracians. Cavaros is the last ruler of the small kingdom.
200 BCE - 100 BCE
Oppida (Celtic fortified tribal centers) were constructed in Iron Age Europe
c. 200 BCE
Iron in the Celtic world experiences a significant boom. Iron manufacturing increase in all facets of life such as weapon construction and agriculture items.
193 BCE
The Boii are defeated by the Romans, suffering, according to Livy, 14,000 dead.
137 BCE
4,000 Celtiberians trap a force of 20,000 Romans at Numantia forcing their surrender.
133 BCE
Numantia falls to the Romans who besiege the oppidum. Mass suicide ensues among many of the survivors. Land reforms by Tiberius Gracchus.
125 BCE
Rome intervenes on behalf of Massalia against the Saluvii Celts.
106 BCE
The governor of the Roman province of Macedonia, M. Minucius Rufus, celebrates his victory over a raid of the Dacians allied with the Celtic tribe of the Scordiscii in the Balkans.
82 BCE - 46 BCE
Life of Vercingetorix.
64 BCE
Galatia becomes a client state of Rome.
c. 60 BCE
Boii in eastern Europe crushed by the Dacians.
58 BCE - 51 BCE
Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul.
58 BCE
Caesar attacks the Helvetii while on migration and defeats them.
57 BCE
A Roman army under Caesar narrowly defeats an army of Nervii, Atrebates, and Viromandui.
56 BCE
The navies of Rome and the Veneti Gauls clash resulting in a Roman victory. This is the first recorded naval battle in the Atlantic Ocean.
54 BCE - 53 BCE
Ambiorix of the Eburones tribe destroys around 9,000 Roman soldiers at Atuatuca.
52 BCE
Julius Caesar is defeated at Gergovia by Vercingetorix.
52 BCE
After becoming trapped and besieged at Alesia, Vercingetorix surrenders to Caesar.
52 BCE
Caesar sacks the city of Avaricum.
c. 51 BCE - c. 30 BCE
300 Celts serve as elite bodyguards for Cleopatra VII during her reign.
51 BCE
Caesar's siege and capture of Uxellodunum ends the Gallic War.
46 BCE
The Bellovaci unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule in Belgica.
44 BCE
The Allobroges unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule in southern Gaul.
33 BCE
The Belgic Morini and the Celts of Aquitania unsuccessfully rise against Roman rule.
4 BCE
At the funeral of Herod II, his Celtic bodyguards are in attendance.
59 CE
The druid centre on Anglesey is systematically attacked by a Roman army.
60 CE - 61 CE
Boudicca revolts, the Legio II Augusta does not respond to a call to arms.
c. 1100 CE
The Lebor Gabála Erenn ('Book of invasions') recounts, through tales of mythology, the ancient and medieval history of Ireland.
