The Evils of Oppression
4 Then I looked again at all the acts of (A)oppression which were being done under the sun. And behold, I saw the tears of the oppressed and that they had (B)no one to comfort them; and power was on the side of their oppressors, but they had no one to comfort them. 2 So (C)I congratulated the dead who are already dead, more than the living who are still living. 3 But (D)better off than both of them is the one who has never existed, who has never seen the evil activity that is done under the sun.
4 I have seen that every labor and every (E)skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a person and his neighbor. This too is (F)futility and striving after wind. 5 The fool (G)folds his hands and (H)consumes his own flesh. 6 One hand full of rest is (I)better than two fists full of labor and striving after wind.
7 Then I looked again at futility under the sun. 8 There was a man without a [a]dependent, having neither a son nor a brother, yet there was no end to all his labor. Indeed, (J)his eyes were not satisfied with riches, and he never asked, “And (K)for whom do I labor and deprive myself of pleasure?” This too is futility, and it is an (L)unhappy task.
9 Two are better than one because they have a good return for their labor; 10 for if [b]either of them falls, the one will lift up his companion. But woe to the one who falls when there is not [c]another to lift him up! 11 Furthermore, if two lie down together they [d]keep warm, but (M)how can one be warm alone? 12 And if [e]one can overpower him who is alone, two can resist him. A cord of three strands is not quickly torn apart.
13 A (N)poor yet wise youth is better than an old and foolish king who no longer knows how to receive [f]instruction— 14 for he has come (O)out of prison to become king, even though he was born poor in his kingdom. 15 I have seen all those living under the sun move to the side of the second youth who [g]replaces him. 16 There is no end to all the people, to all who were before them. Even the ones who will come later will not be happy with him; for this too is (P)futility and striving after wind.
Footnotes
- Ecclesiastes 4:8 Lit second
- Ecclesiastes 4:10 Lit they fall
- Ecclesiastes 4:10 Lit a second
- Ecclesiastes 4:11 Lit have warmth
- Ecclesiastes 4:12 Lit he
- Ecclesiastes 4:13 Or warning
- Ecclesiastes 4:15 Lit stands in his place
Cross references
- Ecclesiastes 4:1 : Job 35:9; Ps 12:5; Eccl 3:16; 5:8; Is 5:7
- Ecclesiastes 4:1 : Jer 16:7; Lam 1:9
- Ecclesiastes 4:2 : Job 3:11-26; Eccl 2:17; 7:1
- Ecclesiastes 4:3 : Job 3:11-22; Eccl 6:3; Luke 23:29
- Ecclesiastes 4:4 : Eccl 2:21
- Ecclesiastes 4:4 : Eccl 1:14
- Ecclesiastes 4:5 : Prov 6:10; 24:33
- Ecclesiastes 4:5 : Is 9:20
- Ecclesiastes 4:6 : Prov 15:16, 17; 16:8
- Ecclesiastes 4:8 : Prov 27:20; Eccl 1:8; 5:10
- Ecclesiastes 4:8 : Eccl 2:21
- Ecclesiastes 4:8 : Eccl 1:13
- Ecclesiastes 4:11 : 1 Kin 1:1-4
- Ecclesiastes 4:13 : Eccl 7:19; 9:15
- Ecclesiastes 4:14 : Gen 41:14, 41-43
- Ecclesiastes 4:16 : Eccl 1:14