Acts 23 - New Catholic Bible (NCB)

Chapter 23

¹ Paul looked intently at the Sanhedrin and said, “Brethren, to this very day, I have conducted myself before God with a perfectly clear conscience.” ² At this, the high priest Ananias^[a] ordered his attendants to strike him on the mouth.

³ Then Paul said to him, “God will strike you, you whitewashed wall! How can you sit there to judge me according to the Law and then in defiance of the Law order me to be struck?” ⁴ The attendants said, “Do you dare to insult God’s high priest?” ⁵ Paul replied, “Brethren, I did not realize that he was the high priest. It is clearly written: ‘You shall not curse the ruler of your people.’ ”

⁶ Well aware that some of them were Sadducees and the others were Pharisees, Paul called out in the Sanhedrin, “Brethren, I am a Pharisee and the son of Pharisees. I am on trial concerning our hope in the resurrection of the dead.” ⁷ When he said this, a dispute ensued between the Pharisees and the Sadducees, and the assembly was divided. ⁸ For the Sadducees hold that there is no resurrection and that there are no angels or spirits, while the Pharisees believe in all three.

⁹ Then a great uproar arose, and some of the scribes belonging to the party of the Pharisees stood up and forcefully stated, “We find nothing wrong with this man. What if a spirit or an angel has really spoken to him?” ¹⁰ When a violent dissension arose, the commander was fearful that Paul would be torn to pieces. He ordered the soldiers to go down, seize him from their midst, and bring him into the barracks.

¹¹ On the following night, the Lord appeared to Paul and said, “Keep up your courage! For just as you have borne witness to me in Jerusalem, so you must also bear witness in Rome.”

¹² A Plot To Kill Paul.^[b] When morning came, the Jews formed a conspiracy and bound themselves by an oath^[c] not to eat or drink until they had killed Paul. ¹³ There were more than forty who entered this pact. ¹⁴ They went to the chief priests and elders and told them, “We have bound ourselves by a solemn oath not to consume any food until we have killed Paul. ¹⁵ You and the Sanhedrin should make an official request to the commander to bring him down to you on the pretext that you want to investigate his case more thoroughly. We on our part have arranged to kill him before he arrives.”

¹⁶ However, the son of Paul’s sister learned of the plot. He thereupon went to the barracks and related the news to Paul. ¹⁷ Paul then summoned one of the centurions and said, “Take this young man to the commander, for he has something to report to him.” ¹⁸ He brought him to the commander and said, “The prisoner Paul called me and requested that I bring this young man to you. He has something to tell you.”

¹⁹ The commander took him by the hand, drew him aside, and asked him in private, “What is it that you have to report to me?” ²⁰ He replied, “The Jews have agreed to request you to bring Paul down to the Sanhedrin tomorrow on the pretext of inquiring more thoroughly into his case. ²¹ Do not believe them. More than forty of them are waiting for your consent to their request, for they have sworn an oath not to eat or drink until they have killed him. They are ready now and are waiting only for your consent.” ²² The commander dismissed the young man, ordering him, “Tell no one that you have given me this information.”

Paul’s Imprisonment and Defenses at Caesarea

²³ Paul Is Imprisoned at Caesarea.^[d] Then he summoned two of his centurions and said, “Have two hundred soldiers ready to leave for Caesarea by nine o’clock tonight,^[e] along with seventy cavalrymen and two hundred auxiliaries. ²⁴ Also provide mounts for Paul to ride, and deliver him to Felix the governor.” ²⁵ He then wrote a letter as follows:

²⁶ Claudius Lysias,

To his Excellency the governor Felix:^[f]

Greetings.

²⁷ This man was seized by the Jews and was about to be killed by them; but when I learned that he was a Roman citizen, I arrived on the scene with my troops and rescued him.

²⁸ Wanting to learn what charge they were making against him, I had him brought before their Sanhedrin. ²⁹ I discovered that the accusation dealt with questions about their Law, but that there was no charge against him that merited death or imprisonment. ³⁰ Now I have been informed of a plot to assassinate this man. I am sending him to you without delay, and I have instructed his accusers to present to you their case against him.

³¹ Therefore, the soldiers, acting in accordance with their orders, took Paul and escorted him during the night to Antipatris. ³² On the next day, they returned to the barracks, leaving the cavalrymen to escort him the rest of the way. ³³ When they arrived in Caesarea, they delivered the letter to the governor and handed over Paul to him.

³⁴ After reading the letter, the governor asked Paul what province he was from, and on learning that he was from Cilicia, ³⁵ he said, “I will hear your case as soon as your accusers arrive.” Then he ordered that he be held in custody in Herod’s praetorium.

Footnotes

1. Acts 23:2 Ananias was high priest from A.D. 47 to 59.
2. Acts 23:12 Luke contrasts the correct behavior of the Roman authorities with the blind fanaticism of the Jews: from the outset the Romans realized that there was nothing subversive about Christianity. This is proof of the loyalty of Christians. Note the reference to Paul’s sister and nephew; this is the only information we have about his family.
3. Acts 23:12 Oath: they call God’s curse upon themselves if they fail to carry out the commitment they have assumed.
4. Acts 23:23 The commander cannot risk having a Roman citizen assassinated while in his custody, so he seeks to transfer Paul to the jurisdiction of Felix, the governor of the province of Judea. He also sends a letter to Felix summarizing the events, from the riot in the temple to the commander’s discovery of a plot against Paul’s life. The most important thing he says is that there is no charge against Paul deserving of death or punishment. Felix then agrees to hear the case himself.
5. Acts 23:23 Nine o’clock tonight: literally, “the third hour of the night.”
6. Acts 23:26 Felix: M. Antonius Felix was governor (procurator) of Judea from A.D. 52 to 60, and he ruled with an iron hand.