Tag: Church-state relations

The relationship between church and state in Portugal has been a complex and dynamic one, shaped by centuries of religious influence, political upheaval, and social transformation. From the early establishment of Christianity in the Iberian Peninsula to the authoritarian Estado Novo regime and the d...

In the 19th century, Europe experienced a powerful wave of liberal thought that championed individual freedoms, constitutional government, and the separation of church and state. Liberalism sought to weaken the entrenched power of monarchies and the Church, challenging traditional authorities and pr...